Fathers of the Church (Index Page)

Fathers of the Church (Index Page) 2025-03-18T22:29:14-04:00
 Fathers6

Four doctors of the Church: left to right: St. Augustine, Pope St. Gregory the Great, St. Jerome, and St. Ambrose (1516), by Pier Francesco Sacchi (c. 1485–1528) [pubic domain / Wikimedia Commons]

*****
TABLE OF CONTENTS
***

I. MY THREE BOOKS ON THE CHURCH FATHERS

II. GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS

III. PROTESTANTISM AND THE FATHERS 

IV. ST. ATHANASIUS

V. ST. AUGUSTINE

VI. BAPTISM AND BAPTISMAL REGENERATION

VII. BIBLE / TRADITION / SOLA SCRIPTURA / PERSPICUITY / RULE OF FAITH
VIII. CANON OF SCRIPTURE / DEUTEROCANONICAL BOOKS
IX. CHRISTMAS
X. CHRISTOLOGY / HOLY TRINITY / GOD THE FATHER
XI. CHURCH / ECCLESIOLOGY / APOSTOLIC SUCCESSION
XII. CONTRACEPTION
XIII. DEVELOPMENT OF DOCTRINE
XIV. ESCHATOLOGY / LAST THINGS
XV. EUCHARIST / TRANSUBSTANTIATION / SACRIFICE OF THE MASS

XVI. IMAGES, RELIGIOUS: USE AND VENERATION OF

XVII. LITURGY

XVIII. MARRIAGE, DIVORCE, AND ANNULMENTS
XIX. MARY, THE BLESSED VIRGIN
XX. PAPACY AND INFALLIBILITY
XXI. PURGATORY
XXII. SACRAMENTS AND SACRAMENTALISM
XXIII. SAINTS AND ANGELS: INVOCATION, INTERCESSION, AND VENERATION OF
XXIV. SALVATION / JUSTIFICATION / “FAITH ALONE” /  SOTERIOLOGY
XXV. SCIENCE
***

I. MY THREE BOOKS ON THE CHURCH FATHERS

*
*
*
II. GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS
*
*
*
Patristic Bible Commentary [verse-by verse references: great resource!]
*
Is “Mother Earth” a Catholic Concept (Church Fathers)? (guest post by Rosemarie Scott) [12-17-19]
*
*
*
***
*
The “Unanimous Consent” of the Church Fathers [Jimmy Akin, National Catholic Register, 8-18-18]
*
*
III. PROTESTANTISM AND THE FATHERS 
*
*
*
*

Dialogue w Lutheran Pastor on the Protestant Revolt (. . . with special emphasis on the beliefs of the Church Fathers: were they were more “Catholic” or “Protestant”?) [3-27-12; edited with links added on 1-8-20]

Reply to Ken Temple’s Extensive (Anti-Catholic) “Review” of Rod Bennett’s Book, Four Witnesses: Part I: The Amazon Review (+ Part II / Part III) [4-27-14]

Salesian Apologetics #5: Authority of Church Fathers [2-6-20]

Jerusalem Council & James, Bishop Of Jerusalem: The Ambivalence and Inconsistencies of Protestant Thought on the Earliest “Monarchical” Bishops [1-30-24]

Mary’s Sinlessness & the Fathers (vs. Javier Perdomo) . . . Including a Turn the Tables Argument Regarding Protestant Doctrines Virtually Nonexistent in the Fathers (Sola Scriptura, Sola Fide) [2-5-25]

*

IV. ST. ATHANASIUS

*
*
*
*
14 Proofs That St. Athanasius Was 100% Catholic [National Catholic Register, 6-4-20]
*
*
*
*
*
V. ST. AUGUSTINE
*
*
*
Early Development of the Papacy: Random Reflections (includes St. Augustine’s views) [2-26-02]
*
*
*
*
Purgatory: Refutation of James White (1 Corinthians 3:10-15)  (includes lengthy citations of St. Augustine) [3-3-07]
*
*
Introduction to The Quotable Augustine (edited by Dave Armstrong) [8-9-12]
*
*
*
*
*
*
Did St. Augustine Accept All Seven Sacraments? [National Catholic Register, 11-15-17]
*
22 Reminders That St. Augustine Was 100% Catholic [National Catholic Register, 4-23-20]
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
VI. BAPTISM AND BAPTISMAL REGENERATION
*
*
*
*
*
*
13 Church Fathers Defend the Catholic Teaching on Baptism [National Catholic Register, 8-26-24]
*
*
***
*
Born Again: Baptism in the Early Fathers (Evangelical Catholic Apologetics)
*
Church Fathers on Baptism (Armchair Theologian; Lutheran site)
*
The Church Fathers on Baptismal Regeneration (Bryan Cross, Called to Communion)
*
VII. BIBLE / TRADITION / SOLA SCRIPTURA / PERSPICUITY / RULE OF FAITH
*
*
*
*
*
Church Fathers and Sola Scriptura [originally July 2003; somewhat modified condensation: 4-5-17]
*
Debate: Church Fathers & Sola Scriptura (vs. Jason Engwer) [8-1-03]
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Chrysostom & Irenaeus: Sola Scripturists? (vs. David T. King) [4-20-07]
*
*
*
*
*
Papias (c. 60-c. 130) & the Rule of Faith (vs. Jason Engwer) [1-18-10]
*
*
*

Vs. James White #16: St. Basil Held to Sola Scriptura? [11-19-19]

Dialogue on St. John Chrysostom & Sola Scriptura (Includes a Discussion of the Proper Definition of Sola Scriptura) [2-23-21]

Gregory Nazianzen (d. 389) vs. Sola Scriptura as the Rule of Faith [2-25-21]

Hilary of Poitiers (d. 367) vs. Sola Scriptura as the Rule of Faith [2-26-21]

Gregory the Great vs. Sola Scriptura as the Rule of Faith [3-1-21]

Cyril of Alexandria (d. 444) vs. Sola Scriptura as the Rule of Faith [3-1-21]

Rufinus (d. 411) vs. Sola Scriptura as the Rule of Faith [3-2-21]

John Cassian (d. 435) vs. Sola Scriptura [3-3-21]

Origen & the Rule of Faith (vs. “Turretinfan”) [12-2-21]

St. Ambrose (c. 340-397) vs. Sola Scriptura [12-18-21]

Papias (c. 60-c. 130) vs. Sola Scriptura [12-19-21]

Clement of Rome (d. 99) vs. Sola Scriptura [12-20-21]

Ignatius of Antioch (d. c. 117) vs. Sola Scriptura [12-21-21]

Polycarp (69-155) vs. Sola Scriptura [12-21-21]

Tertullian (c. 155-c. 220) vs. Sola Scriptura [12-23-21]

Cyprian (c. 210-258) vs. Sola Scriptura [12-23-21]

Church Fathers vs. Sola Scriptura (Compendium) [12-26-21]

Augustine & Sola Scriptura (vs. Gavin Ortlund) [4-28-22]

Augustine & Sola Scriptura, Pt. 2 (vs. Gavin Ortlund) [4-29-22]

Banzoli Sez Origen & Tertullian are Sola Scripturists [5-31-22]

Justin Martyr & Sola Scriptura (vs. Lucas Banzoli) [6-1-22]

A Lot of Patristic Problems with Sola Scriptura [Facebook, 8-17-22]

Self-Interpreting Bible & Protestant Chaos (vs. Turretin): Including Documentation that St. Basil the Great — Contrary to Turretin’s Claim — Did Not Believe in Sola Scriptura [8-29-22]

Did Athanasius Accept Sola Scriptura? (vs. Bruno Lima) [10-14-22]

St. Athanasius Was Catholic — He Knew Sola Scriptura Was False [National Catholic Register, 10-20-22]

St. Ignatius, Bishops, & the Rule of Faith (vs. T.F. Kauffman) [7-14-23]

“Catholic Verses” #3: Tradition, Pt. 1 (Including the Church Fathers’ Opinion Regarding Authoritative Apostolic Oral Tradition) [10-26-23]

Reply to a “Reformation Day” Lutheran Sermon [Vs. Nathan Rinne] (Including St. Augustine’s View on the Rule of Faith & the Perspicuity of Scripture; Luther & Lutherans’ Belief in Falling Away) [10-31-23]

Bible / Faith “Alone” Vs. The Fathers (Vs. Gavin Ortlund) [2-13-24]

Church Fathers & Sola Scriptura: Reply To James White Claims: Myths Regarding Cyprian, Augustine, Basil the Great, John Chrysostom, Cyril of Jerusalem, Athanasius [3-16-24]

Epistle to Diognetus (c. 130-180) vs. Sola Scriptura [4-12-24]

David T. King: No Father Believed in an Infallible Church [6-18-24]

Robert Gagnon: Fathers Accepted Sola Scriptura (?) (St. Thomas Aquinas Didn’t Believe in it, Either. Nice Try . . .) [9-16-24]

St. Augustine & Extrabiblical Infallibility [11-13-24]

Is Scripture Totally Clear? (vs. Anglican Stearns #2) + the Church Fathers (Especially St. Augustine) on the Question of the Perspicuity (Clearness in the Main) of Scripture [3-13-25]

VIII. CANON OF SCRIPTURE / DEUTEROCANONICAL BOOKS

*
*
*
Development of the Biblical Canon: Protestant Difficulties [2-26-02 and 3-19-02, abridged with slight revisions and additions on 7-19-18]
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
***
*
IX. CHRISTMAS
*
*
X. CHRISTOLOGY / HOLY TRINITY / GOD THE FATHER
Filioque: Catholic-Orthodox Dialogue (William Klimon) [July 1997]
*
*
*
XI. CHURCH / ECCLESIOLOGY / APOSTOLIC SUCCESSION
*
*
Bishops in the Apostolic Church [1-16-01; rev. 5-7-03]
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Dave Armstrong Responds to Gavin Ortlund on Jerome & the Monepiscopacy [30-minute audio presentation Suan Sonna’s YouTube channel, Intellectual Catholicism, on 2-4-24]
*
XII. CONTRACEPTION
*
Contraception: Early Church Teaching (William Klimon) [1998]
*
XIII. DEVELOPMENT OF DOCTRINE
*
*
*
XIV. ESCHATOLOGY / LAST THINGS
*
*
*
XV. EUCHARIST / TRANSUBSTANTIATION / SACRIFICE OF THE MASS

St. Augustine’s Belief in the Substantial Real Presence [1996]

Patristic Eucharistic Doctrine: Nine Protestant Scholars [12-1-96]

John Calvin and St. Cyril of Jerusalem: Comparative Eucharistic Theology [6-14-04]

Dialogue on Calvin’s & Patristic Eucharistic Theology (Especially St. Cyril of Jerusalem’s Theology of the Eucharist) [6-19-04]

Transubstantiation & Church History: Dialogue w Lutheran [2-12-05; abridged on 10-23-18]

Eucharistic Sacrifice: The Witness of the Church Fathers [9-12-05]

Sacrifice of the Mass: Reflections on Theology & Patristics [9-22-05]

Development of Sacrifice of the Mass: Dialogue w Lutheran [9-22-05]

Sacrifice of the Mass / Cyprian’s Ecclesiology (vs. Calvin #11) [5-19-09]

Sacramentalism & Ex Opere Operato (vs. Calvin #37) [10-21-09]

Transubstantiation: Bible & the Fathers (vs. Calvin #42) [24-25 November 2009]

Eucharist: Rationalism, Nestorianism, & Docetism (vs. Calvin #44) [11-30-09]

Bizarre “Eucharistic Christology” vs. Tertullian (vs. Calvin #45) [12-1-09]

Church Fathers and the Sacrifice of the Mass (Thoroughly Catholic!) [12-11-09]

St. Augustine’s Eucharistic Doctrine and Protestant “Co-Opting” [9-25-10]

St. Augustine’s Eucharistic Doctrine: Simultaneous Assertion of Realism and Symbolism [2-17-11]

“Re-Presentation” vs. “Re-Sacrifice” in the Mass: Doctrinal History [4-4-18]

Did Pope Gelasius (r. 492-496) Deny Transubstantiation? [3-24-21]

St. Ignatius & Eucharistic Real Presence (vs. Lucas Banzoli) [9-12-22]

Justin Martyr, Real Presence, & Eucharistic Sacrifice (vs. Lucas Banzoli) [9-13-22]

Lucas Banzoli Misrepresents Chrysostom’s Eucharistic Theology (+ An Overview of St. John Chrysostom’s Catholic View of the Eucharistic Sacrifice) [9-14-22]

Tertullian’s Eucharistic Theology: Lucas Banzoli vs. J.N.D. Kelly [9-15-22]

Martin Luther Was Extraordinarily Ignorant Regarding the Church Fathers’ Espousal of Transubstantiation [Facebook, 8-20-24]

Response to a Lutheran Apologetic (Pr. Will Weedon) (Featuring Liturgy and the Sacrifice of the Mass in the Church Fathers) [11-11-24]

Reply to François Turretin #13: Transubstantiation, Pt. 2 (Language of “bread” & “wine” after consecration; transubstantiation and transformation: compendium from the Church fathers) [2-27-25]

**

What Saint Augustine, Bishop, Saint and Doctor of the Catholic Church Actually Held Pertaining to Transubstantiation: A Response to Turretinfan (+ Part Two) [Paul Hoffer, 8-20-11]

XVI. IMAGES, RELIGIOUS: USE AND VENERATION OF

Church Fathers & Images: No Evidence? (vs. Gavin Ortlund) [3-18-24]

XVII. LITURGY

Apologia for the New (Pauline) Mass: With Massive Traditional Documentation, Over Against its Detractors / Summary of Vatican II on Liturgical Reform [6-18-08]

Holy Communion in the Hand (Norm till 500-900 AD) (+ vigorous Facebook discussion) [9-3-15; some additions on 3-13-20]

St. Augustine’s Communion (Standing, in the Hand) [10-4-15]

Communion in the Hand: Reactionaries vs. St. Cyril [3-15-20]

*
XVIII. MARRIAGE, DIVORCE, AND ANNULMENTS
*
XIX. MARY, THE BLESSED VIRGIN
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
XX. PAPACY AND INFALLIBILITY
*
*
*
The Development of the Papacy (St. John Henry Cardinal Newman) [Facebook, 1997]
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
XXI. PURGATORY
*
Purgatory: Refutation of James White (1 Corinthians 3:10-15)  (includes lengthy citations of St. Augustine) [3-3-07]
*
*
*
*
XXII. SACRAMENTS AND SACRAMENTALISM
*
*
*
*
*
XXIII. SAINTS AND ANGELS: INVOCATION, INTERCESSION, AND VENERATION OF
*
*
Origen and the Intercession of Saints [National Catholic Register, 11-19-20]
*
*
*
*
*
XXIV. SALVATION / JUSTIFICATION / “FAITH ALONE” /  SOTERIOLOGY
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
16 Church Fathers vs. Faith Alone [National Catholic Register, 4-23-24]
*
*
14 More Church Fathers vs. Faith Alone [National Catholic Register, 4-30-24]
*
*
***
*
XXV. SCIENCE

*
*
*

*
***
*

Practical Matters:  I run the most comprehensive “one-stop” Catholic apologetics site: rated #1 for Christian sites by leading AI tool, ChatGPT — endorsed by popular Protestant blogger Adrian Warnock. Perhaps some of my 5,000+ free online articles or fifty-six books have helped you (by God’s grace) to decide to become Catholic or to return to the Church, or better understand some doctrines and why we believe them. If you believe my full-time apostolate is worth supporting, please seriously consider a much-needed monthly or one-time financial contribution. “The laborer is worthy of his wages” (1 Tim 5:18, NKJV).
*
PayPal donations are the easiest: just send to my email address: [email protected]. Here’s also a second page to get to PayPal. You’ll see the term “Catholic Used Book Service”, which is my old side-business. To learn about the different methods of contributing (including Zelle and 100% tax-deductible donations if desired), see my page: About Catholic Apologist Dave Armstrong / Donation Information.
*
You can support my work a great deal in non-financial ways, if you prefer; by subscribing to, commenting on, liking, and sharing videos from my YouTube channel, Catholic Bible Highlights, where I partner with Kenny Burchard (see my own videos), and/or by signing up to receive notice for new articles on this blog. Just type your email address on the sidebar to the right (scroll down quite a bit), where you see, “Sign Me Up!” Thanks a million!
*
***
*
Last updated on 18 March 2025

 


Browse Our Archives