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Hell and the Devil / Last Things (Index Page)

Last updated on: March 17, 2025 at 4:17 pm by Dave Armstrong

Hell5

Gila National Forest, New Mexico (May 2012). Photo by Kari Greer [Flickr / CC BY-SA 2.0 license]

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

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I. Hell and Sheol (Hades) / Damnation & Reprobation / Heretical Annihilationism

II. Universalism / “Hoping All Will be Saved”

III. The Devil (Satan) and Demons

IV. Judgment / Second Coming

V. Last Things (Eschatology) / Prophecies

VI. Heaven / Souls (Theological Anthropology) / “Soul Sleep” / Resurrection

VII. Limbo

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I. Hell and Sheol (Hades) / Damnation & Reprobation / Heretical Annihilationism

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Biblical Evidence for an Eternal Hell [1998]

Jewish and Old Testament Views of Hell and Eternal Punishment [4-14-04]

Dialogue w Agnostic on Basic Differences and Hell [5-17-05]

Replies to Some Skeptical Objections to the Christian Doctrine of Hell (“Religion Is Lies” website) [5-24-06]

Biblical Annihilationism or Universalism? (w Atheist Ted Drange) [9-30-06]

Dialogue w Atheists on Hell & Whether God is Just [12-5-06]

Dialogue on Sheol / Hades (Limbo of the Fathers) and Luke 16 (the Rich Man and Lazarus) with a Baptist (vs. “Grubb”) [2-28-08]

“The Gates of Hell Shall Not Prevail” Against the Church [11-11-08]

Hell: Dialogue with a Philosophy Graduate Student [12-26-08]

Dialogue: Hell & God’s Justice, Part II [1-2-09]

Purgatory is the Waiting Room for Heaven [4-25-09]

Luke 23:43 (Thief on the Cross): “Paradise” = Sheol, Not Heaven, According to Many Reputable Protestant Scholars [5-25-09]

Our Prayers and Souls Ending Up in Heaven or Hell [3-26-14]

Catholic Mystics & Contemplatives on Hell [2014]

Can Hell Actually be Defended? My Shot … [10-7-15]

Atheism & Atheology (Copious Resources, including on hell) [11-5-15]

A Defense of Hell: Philosophical Explanations of its Plausibility, Necessity, and Factuality [12-10-15]

Exchanges with an Atheist on Hell & Skepticism [12-17-15]

Did Jesus Descend to Hell, Sheol, or Paradise After His Death? [National Catholic Register, 4-17-17]

How to Annihilate Three Skeptical Fallacies Regarding Hell [National Catholic Register, 6-10-17]

Lawler vs. Pope Francis #3: The Pope Annihilated Hell? [1-2-18]

Pope Francis, Hell, Phil Lawler, Lies, Damned Lies, . . . [3-30-18]

Hell as a Deterrent: Analogy to Our Legal Systems [10-3-18]

Taylor Marshall’s Whopper: Pope Francis Denies Hellfire? [6-7-19]

Salvation and Eternal Afterlife in the Old Testament [8-31-19]

Salvation and Immortality Are Not Just New Testament Ideas [National Catholic Register, 9-23-19]

Vs. Atheist David Madison #41: God’s a Sadistic Tyrant (Hell)? [12-18-19]

Luke 16 Doesn’t Describe Hell or Purgatory, But Hades [1-16-20]

The Bible Teaches that Hell is Eternal [National Catholic Register, 4-16-20]

Pope Francis’ Satanic, Demonic, & Hellish Views [6-7-21]

Christ’s Descent Into Hades (vs. Francois Turretin) (Biblical and Patristic Support Examined) [9-1-22]

Defense of Immortal, Conscious Souls (vs. Lucas Banzoli): #11 (“Second Death” = “Lake of Fire” = Eternal Torment in Hell. Jesus & Luke Believed in Both Hades and Hell) [11-25-22]

Eternal Hell: 125 Biblical Evidences [12-2-24]

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II. Universalism / “Hoping All Will be Saved”

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Dialogue on Hell & the “Possibility” of Universalism [May 2004]

Biblical Annihilationism or Universalism? (w Atheist Ted Drange) [9-30-06]

Did Pope St. John Paul II Teach Universalism? [4-26-11]

Did Julian of Norwich Teach Universalism & Deny Hell? [3-24-14]

Analysis of “Hoping All Will be Saved” / …Hell is Empty” [8-20-15]

Book of Revelation Annihilates Universalism [8-31-15]

Universalism is Annihilated by the Book of Revelation [National Catholic Register, 6-23-19]

Wishing & Desiring For All To Be Saved, Like God Does [1-29-24]

III. The Devil (Satan) and Demons

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The Stupidity and Idiocy of the Devil (Dialogue) [2-23-97 and 4-10-97]

Unbiblical Antipathy to Miracles & Exorcism (vs. Calvin #53) [12-22-09]

Satan Tempting Jesus as a Proof of His Divinity [2015]

Demonic Possession or Epilepsy? (Bible & Science) [2015]

The Devil’s Stupidity & Vanity [3-4-16]

Screwtape on the Neutralization of Effective Apologetics and Divine Callings (National Catholic Register, 2-5-17) [see also, the original 20% longer Facebook version] [1-25-17]

“Withstand”! Satan Exploits Errors & Falsehood for His Nefarious Ends [3-4-17]

Satan is Highly Intelligent—and an Arrogant Idiot [National Catholic Register, 11-27-17]

Are We Allowed to Rebuke and/or Mock the Devil? [11-30-17]

Satan Referenced 24 Times in Gaudete et Exsultate [4-9-18]

Christians & the Stupidity of Satan (vs. Insulting Humanist) [11-9-18]

7 Takes on Satan’s Persecutions and the Balanced Christian Life [National Catholic Register, 11-24-18]

Seidensticker Folly #36: Disease, Jesus, Paul, Miracles, & Demons [1-13-20]
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Pope Francis’ Satanic, Demonic, & Hellish Views [6-7-21]

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IV. Judgment / Second Coming

Judgment of Nations: A Collection of Biblical Passages [9-21-01]

Judgment of Nations: Biblical Commentary and Reflections [9-21-01]

Reflections on Judgment and Sufficient Knowledge for Salvation [6-7-02]

“If You Died Tonight”: Debate w Matt Slick of CARM [5-22-03]

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God’s Judgment of Humans (Sometimes, Entire Nations) [2-16-07]
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Final Judgment & Works (Not Faith): 50 Passages [2-10-08]

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Origen (c. 185 – c. 254 ) on Faith, Works, and Judgment [Facebook, 2-27-08]

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God’s “Punishing” of Descendants: Unjust? [7-8-10]
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Our Prayers and Souls Ending Up in Heaven or Hell [3-26-14]

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Final Judgment Always Has to Do with Works and Never with “Faith Alone” [9-5-14]

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Israel as God’s Agent of Judgment [9-28-14]

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Dr. David Madison vs. Jesus #3: Nature & Time of 2nd Coming [8-3-19]

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Seidensticker Folly #58: Jesus Erred on Time of 2nd Coming? (with David Palm) [10-7-20]

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“The Day” (1 Cor 3:13) & Purgatory (Vs. James White) [2-27-24]
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No Particular Judgment? (vs. Anglican Stearns #3): Including a Brief Examination of the Views of the Church Fathers [3-17-25]

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V. Last Things (Eschatology) / Prophecies

Debate with an Agnostic on the Meaning of “Last Days” and Whether the Author of Hebrews Was a False Prophet (vs. Ed Babinski) [9-13-06]

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“The Last Days”: Meaning in Hebrew, Biblical Thought [12-5-08]
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Suggested View on Bible Prophecy & Eschatology [2-13-17]

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The Rapture End-Times Scenario: Catholic Refutations (Links Page) [5-8-17]
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Dr. David Madison vs. Jesus #3: Nature & Time of 2nd Coming [8-3-19]

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VI. Heaven / Souls (Theological Anthropology) / “Soul Sleep” / Resurrection

Bible and Catholicism on Ghosts and Messages from God in Dreams [2-7-06]
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My Daughter (at 5) on Heaven & Salvation: “Out of the Mouths of Babes” [5-24-07]

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“Soul Sleep”: A Thorough Biblical Refutation [11-28-07]

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Luther Believed in Soul Sleep; Thus He Rejected Purgatory [2-9-08]

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Will We See Our Pets in Heaven? [3-12-08]

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“Will We See Each Other in Heaven?” Yes (General Resurrection and Glorified Bodies) [1-22-10]

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Our Prayers and Souls Ending Up in Heaven or Hell [3-26-14]
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Multiple Meanings of “Paradise” in Scripture [12-2-14]

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Seidensticker Folly #8: Physics Has Disproven Souls? [8-16-18]

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Seidensticker Folly #26: Spiritual Bodies R Still Bodies! [10-9-18]
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Salvation and Eternal Afterlife in the Old Testament [8-31-19]

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Salvation and Immortality Are Not Just New Testament Ideas [National Catholic Register, 9-23-19]

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Replies to Atheists on Souls and the Galileo Fiasco [4-30-20]

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Seidensticker Folly #52: Spiritual Bodies R Physical [9-10-20]

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Defense of Immortal, Conscious Souls (vs. Lucas Banzoli) [17-Part Series]:

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#1 (Preliminaries) [11-1-22]

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#2 (Genesis 2:7 and the Hebrew / Biblical Idiom of Synecdoche) [11-4-22]

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#3 (Hebrew, Nephesh [Soul]: Massive Figurative Biblical Use) [11-7-22]

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#4 (Revelation 6:9: “Souls” in Heaven / 16 Biblical Proofs for Conscious Souls After Death) [11-9-22]

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#5 (Revelation 6:9: “Souls” in Heaven Redux) [11-11-22]

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#6 (Conspiracy Theories About Bibles and the Many Meanings of “Soul” in Holy Scripture) [11-12-22]

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#7 (Banzoli Decides — At Last! — to Reply to My Second Post [#5] About Souls Under the Altar in Heaven) [11-14-22]

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#8 (Banzoli’s Soul Sleep Leads Him to Believe That the Soul of Jesus Christ “Died” — Didn’t Exist — Between His Death and Resurrection, and That He was Unconscious in His Human Nature During That Time ) [11-14-22]

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#9 (Matthew 10:28: Did Jesus Teach That a Soul Could be Annihilated?) [11-18-22]

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#10 (The Story of Lazarus and the Rich Man (Lk 16:19-31) in Relation to the Doctrine of Immortal Souls [11-22-22]

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#11 (“Second Death” = “Lake of Fire” = Eternal Torment in Hell. Jesus & Luke Believed in Both Hades and Hell) [11-25-22]

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#12 (Paul Affirms Three Times That Souls Continue Outside of the Body / Banzoli Claims That Angels Are Material Beings) [11-29-22]

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#13 (Dead Biblical Heroes Return to Earth!: Samuel & Saul / Moses & Elijah at Jesus’ Transfiguration) [12-1-22]

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#14: Jesus’ Visit (After He Died) to Hades, Preaching to the “Spirits in Prison” and Setting “Captives” Free [12-2-22]

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#15: Hebrews 12:23: “the spirits of just men made perfect” [12-3-22]

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#16: Sheol (Hades): Merely the “Grave” or “Underground” or the Conscious Abode of Dead Souls? [12-5-22]

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#17: Ecclesiastes 9:5: “The Dead Know Nothing” / Psalm 146:4: “His Thoughts Perish,” Etc. [12-6-22]

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Lucas Banzoli Holds to a Seventh-Day Adventist Eschatology and Christology [11-22-22]

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Dead Saints Interceding (vs. Lucas Banzoli) [2-8-23]

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Weird Lucas Banzoli Errors: Jesus’ References to Heaven [Facebook, 2-21-23]

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Saints Can Hear “Millions” Of Prayers? (Vs. Jordan Cooper): Including a Summary of the Extraordinary, Unfathomable Characteristics of Redeemed Human Beings in Heaven [3-20-24]

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Luther vs. Scripture: All Ghosts R Satanic Deceivers? [6-28-24]

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VII. Limbo

Has Limbo Been Relegated to Limbo?: It Never Was Definitive Teaching [12-28-07]

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Jay Dyer: Intellectual Limbo Re Catholic Belief in Limbo (with Dr. Robert Fastiggi) [7-24-20]

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Fate of Unbaptized Infants, Dogma, & Infallibility: Refutation of the Polemical Claims of Brazilian Calvinists Francisco Tourinho & Frankle Brunno [8-11-23]

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Last updated on 17 March 2025

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